Name: Date:
Directions: Red the description and identify the department. Place the correct name in the space provided. (Homework)
Reviewing Executive Departments (Cabinet) (group)
|
1. _______________________ – Est. 1789 – reports to the President and Congress on the financial state of the government and economy, regulates sale of alcohol, firearms, supervises the printing of stamps, the US Custom Service; IRS is a branch
2. ________________________ –Est. 1789 – advises the President on foreign-policy issues maintains relations with foreign countries, speaks for the US
3. ________________________ – Est. 1848 – protects the environment, develops our natural resources, operates the National Park Services, responsible for US territories (the Virgin Islands, American Samoa , Guam , etc.)
4. ________________________– Est. 1862 – supervises agricultural production to make sure prices are fair for producers and consumers, helps farmers financially, helps food producers sell their good overseas, runs food assistance and nutrition programs, inspects and grades food to make sure our food supply is safe.
5. ________________________ – Est. 1870 – The Attorney General, chief law enforcement officer, runs the Department of Justice, supervises the US attorneys and marshals, represents the US
6. ________________________ – Est. 1903 – promotes international trade, economic growth, and technological advancement, works to keep US competitive in international markets and to prevent unfair foreign trade practices, gathers statistics for business and government planners.
7. ________________________ –Est.1913 – protects right of workers, helps improve working conditions and relations with employers
8. ________________________ – Est. 1947 – oversees everything related to military security; direct the armed forces and the Joint Chiefs of Staff, also flood control, management of oil reserves, and development of oceanographic resources.
9. ________________________ – Est. 1953 - Administers social security, Medicare, Medicaid, offer social services for poor families, Native Americans, children elderly, migrants, refugees, and the handicapped. Agencies under it included NIH.
10. ________________________ – Est.1964 – promotes community development, fair-housing laws, provides affordable housing and rent subsidies.
11. ________________________ – Est. 1966 – sets national transportation policy
12. ________________________ – Ext.1977 – addresses energy problems, research and development of alternative energy resources, sets standards to reduce harmful effects of energy production.
13. ________________________ – Est. 1979 – administers more than 150 federal education programs, including student loans, migrant worker training, vocational education and special programs for the handicapped.
14. _______________________ – Est.1988- operates programs to benefit veterans and their families
15. _______________________– Est. 2003 – works to present terrorism and minimize damage from potential threats
END OF ASSIGNMENT
Starting
with George Washington, every President
of the United States has had advisors to help carry out the duties of the
office. The first “Cabinet” of advisors included Secretaries of State, Treasury and
War (now Defense), and an Attorney General.
As the nation grew, so did the duties of the President, therefore more executive departments were created to
handle the extra work. In order to
create a new executive department, the President
must ask Congress for approval. Then the President
must nominate a person who will head
that department; this nomination must be confirmed by the Senate. Following is a list
of cabinet departments and their primary functions.
State Department – Deals with Foreign
Relations with Other Countries
Treasury Department – Deals with the
Nation’s Finances, coining money
Department of Defense – Deals with the
Nation’s military and national defense.
Attorney General Department of Justice – Top law
enforcement office in the nation.
Department of the Interior – National Parks and
Natural Resources
Department of Agriculture – Farming, crop
production and food safety
Department of Commerce – Regulating trade
Department of Labor – Working conditions
Department of Health and Human Services – Public Health,
Welfare programs
Department of Housing and Urban Development – Affordable housing
for the poor, issues in developing cities
Department of Transportation – Roads, highways,
bridges, airways, patrolling the seas
Department of Energy – Development of new
energy resources, regulation of energy industry
Department of Education – National education
policy
Department of Veterans Affairs – Runs VA hospitals,
provides services for Veterans
Department of Homeland Security – Oversees the
nation’s domestic security from natural disasters and terrorism.
Directions:
Identify
which department would be involved with the item in each headline.
National Park Bridges Found to be
Unsafe
|
Military Closes
Bases in Several States
|
- ________________________ 2. _________________________________
Minimum Wage
Increases as of July 1st
|
3.
______________________________________
Applying Cabinet Departments
Directions:
Read each issue below and decide which department from the previous page
– The President’s Cabinet – would deal with that issue.
Issue
|
Department
|
1. Government Grants Money to Minority Owned
Businesses
|
|
2. The Consumer Product Safety Commission Recalls
Millions of Defective Toys
|
|
3. Minimum Wage Raised
|
|
4. Government Provides Help to Drought
Stricken Farmers
|
|
5. Food
and Drug Administration Approve New Drug for Cancer
|
|
6. No Child Left Behind Act Requires
Testing of all Students
|
|
7. Public Housing Project Torn Down and
Replaced with Moderate Income Housing
|
|
8. New Highway Bill Requires National Speed
Limit of 55 mph
|
|
9. Government
Sends Humanitarian Aide to
|
|
10. President Removes Troops from
|
|
11. Government
Prosecutes Terrorists
|
|
12.
Nuclear
Regulatory Commission Passes New Rules
|
|
13.
Soldiers Returning From Iraq Suffer Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder
|
|
14.
Government Creates New Bills to Stop Counterfeiting
|
|
15.
Work Day Shortened to 8 Hours
|
|
16.
Tariffs Increased on Imported Lumber
|
|
17.
Government Uses Wiretaps to Gather Information about Suspected
Terrorists
|
|
18.
President Sends Top Diplomat to Negotiate Treaty with
|
|
19.
Government Encourages Investment in Nuclear Power
|
|
20.
Center for Disease Control Creates Vaccine for Flu, But
Not Enough Made
|
END OF ASSIGNMENT
2B: The Executive Branch: Roles and Powers Cloze Notes
The President
Oath of
n “I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.”
Bureaucracy
n Large , administrative structure that handles the every day business of an organization
n Ensures organization is running efficiently, with rules, hierarchical authority, and job specialization
n At the end of the day, the government is a business, with the president as the executive and an advisory committee called the .
The Cabinet
n The advisory, made up of the heads of executive committees and other officers
n One presidential power is to appoint his/her advisors upon being sworn in
Constitutional Powers
n Enforce Laws -- “To take care the laws be faithfully executed”
n Command the armed
n Make treaties
n Approve or veto acts of
n Send and receive
n Grant pardons and reprieves*
Role: Chief Executive/Administrator
n Executing the Law: Most important responsibility.
¨ President’s helps him enforce and carry out laws.
n President can remove any federal official he appointed, except federal .
n Tenure of Office Act: President cannot dismiss an official without a replacement that has been approved by Senate
Ordinance Power
n President can issue (a directive rule, or regulation to the effect of law)
n This comes from the ordinance power
¨ Not mentioned in Constitution, but needed by president to carry out executive acts
n President needs to be able to authorize orders over
Role: Chief Diplomat
n Make Treaties: Signs treaties and trade agreements with leaders of other nations
n Meets with heads of
n Executive Agreements – do not require to approve – based on existing law or treaty
n Appoints ambassadors
Role: Commander-In-Chief
n President decides where armed forces are to be stationed & weapons to be used
n Leader of armed forces
n Manages the defense
Role: Chief Legislator
n Congress has to make laws
n Recommending -President can propose bills and must sign bills into law
n Veto – refusing a bill, pocket veto, line-item veto
n Other
¨ He often calls members of to lobby for his agenda
¨ Presents his agenda to Congress in the annual “State of the Union” address
Presidential Succession
n 1. Vice President
n Speaker of the House
n President Pro Tempore of Senate
n Cabinet heads in the order departments were added
Formal Qualification
n Be a born citizen of the US
n Be at least 35 years old
n Have been in the US at least 14 years (being posted abroad)
The 22nd Amendment
n Length of time in office
¨ Two terms only
¨ May finish out a president’s term and run for re-election
¨ Cannot be in office for more than years
n Created after FDR was elected FOUR times!
Presidential Succession Act
n 1947
n Created the order of succession after the Vice President
n Speaker of the John Boehner (R)
n President pro tempore of the Patrick Leahy (D)
n Secretary of State John Kerry (D)
n Followed by other cabinet members in order of creation.
The 25th Amendment
n Provides for succession in times of disability
n VP becomes Acting President if
¨ The President informs in writing
¨ The VP and a majority of the Cabinet inform Congress
President resumes power by writing a letter to Congress. If the VP and Majority of disagree Congress has 21 days to decide
The Vice President
n Preside over the Senate
n Decide the question of disability
Other Importance
n Balance the Ticket – geography, demographics, experience
n VP Today – some are more active than others
n VP Vacancy – 25th Amendment – Pres nominates, confirmation by both Houses
What is the Electoral College?
n The College is made up of electors who cast votes to decide the President and Vice-President of the United States. When voters go to the polls on Tuesday, they will be choosing which candidate receives their state's electors. The candidate who receives a majority of electoral votes (270) wins the Presidency. The number 538 is the sum of the nation's 435 Representatives, 100 Senators, and 3 electors given to the District of Columbia.
n Electors: member of a political party chosen in each state to formally elect the president and vice president
How does it work?
n Every four years, voters go to the polls and select a candidate for President and Vice-President. In all but two states (Virginia and Maine), the candidate who wins the majority of votes in a state wins that state's electoral votes.
¨ This is called a system
¨ For example, Maryland has 8 Rep votes and 2 Senate, for a total of 10 electoral votes
¨ If Obama was 51% of the popular votes in Maryland, he would win all ten electoral votes, despite the other candidates winning 49% of the popular votes.
n This happened to George W. Bush in 2000, who lost the popular vote to Al Gore by .51% but won the electoral college 271 to 266.
Voting Process
n Tuesday, after the FIRST Monday in November
¨ Voters cast their ballots!
n Monday after the second Wednesday in December
¨ Electors in each state meet in their state capital to cast their votes for president and vice president
n January 6: Congress counts votes (270 out of 538 are needed for a majority)
n January 20: Candidate receiving a majority of votes in Electoral College is sworn in
n Though it has NEVER happened, a candidate can win the election in November, but a DIFFERENT candidate can be sworn in if the Electoral College votes differently.
How is the President Nominated?
n Primary Election: an that narrows the field of candidates before an election for office
¨ Several candidates running for their party’s ticket
¨ Polls (votes) are taken throughout this
¨ Candidates continue with the race or withdraw, pending on their numbers
n National : Meetings to pick the president and vice-president
¨ Bring leading members of a party together in one place at one time
¨ Adopt the party’s platform (basic principles and objectives for campaign)
n After the convention, the race for the president is on! The popular votes and electoral votes are counted and a winner is announced before midnight.
The Governor
n Can serve four-year terms
n Elected by the people
n Must be 30 years old
n Must be a US citizen for five years
Powers of the Governor
n Develops state policy
n Proposes laws to
n Prepares state
n Grants pardon
n Controls state police/National Guard
n Appoints state judges and commissions
Powers of the Lt. Governor
n Substitutes in absence of governor/replaces governor in event of inability to serve out office
n Administers and
n Performs duties delegated by governor
END OF ASSIGNMENT
Name: Date:
Notebook check
Using pages 213-219 and your notes, complete the following activities.
Presidential Duties
| |||
Most Important Duty:
| |||
Other duties (identify 4)
| |||
Qualifications for Office:
| |
Election Process
| |
Terms of Office/limits
|
Explain two responsibilities of the vice-president.
What is the Cabinet? What is their main responsibility?
END OF ASSIGNMENT
You’re Outta Here!
Andrew Johnson
END OF ASSIGNMENT
You’re Outta Here!
Impeachment
Part I.
Directions: Use p. 310-312 of your books and the information provided to complete the following activities.
1. Define impeachment, and under what circumstances may an official be impeached.
2. Who decides to impeach, and who conducts the trial. Describe the process.
3. How does this illustrate the principle of checks and balances?
Part II.
Impeachment is used very rarely. In fact, of the 43 presidents impeachment charges were only pending 3 times. Read each description below and answer the questions that follow.
Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson had difficulty working with a Radical Republican congress during the period called Reconstruction that followed the Civil War. The president and Congress clashed over many issues but it came to blows when Johnson dismissed the Secretary of War Edwin Stanton. He violated his presidential powers by firing a cabinet member, and congress knew it. They brought him up on impeachment charges in 1868. He was impeached in the House but missed removal by 1 vote in the Senate. He did not run for reelection.
Richard Nixon
Richard Nixon was worried about the upcoming elections. He wanted to know the Democrats’ strategy. He authorized a break in at the Watergate where the Democratic National Committee had their offices. Someone within the White House organization leaked the story to the Press. Additionally Nixon was quite paranoid and taped conversations in the oval office. The tapes were subpoenaed, yet they had been doctored and the most incriminating evidence removed. The House recommended him for impeachment. In 1974 he resigned, the then Speaker of the House – Gerald Ford (the VP was under indictment for fraud and bribery) became President and pardoned Nixon.
Bill Clinton
Bill Clinton was involved in numerous scandals including White Water (bad land deals) and Monica Lewinsky. During investigations pertaining to these incidents, the President was subpoenaed to testify. He committed perjury (lying under oath), which is a felony offense. The House of Representatives moved to impeach him. He was impeached; the Senate tried him, but chose not to remove him from office.
4. What are “high Crimes and misdemeanors”?
5. Which President/s committed “High Crimes and misdemeanors” – in your opinion – explain your answer.
6. If you had been in Congress during each of these three Presidential Administrations, what would you have done in each case?
END OF ASSIGNMENT
END OF ASSIGNMENT
USA Electoral College System
During a presidential election, whichever party wins a majority of a state’s popular votes (regardless of how narrow that margin is!) wins that state’s electoral votes/ By forcing residents in each state to ultimately to vote as a block, the system is supposed to ensure small states’ interests are not drowned out by those of larger states-another Constitutional Convention compromise!
In all, there are 538 electoral votes. The number of electoral votes given to each state reflects the sum of representatives and senators it sends to Congress. (435 members of the house, 100 senators, and 3 votes for DC. In short and using Maryland as an example: each State is allocated a number of Electors equal to the number of Senators (always 2) plus the number of its U. S. Representatives (8 in Maryland) for a total of 10 electors. This system of winning the majority of popular votes and receiving ALL of a state’s electoral votes is called a winner take all system.
It takes 270 or more electoral college votes to win an election. The biggest states California (55), Texas (38), Florida (29), New York (29), and Pennsylvania (20) have had the largest impact of the result of the presidential election.
Usually, the result is nearly the name as it would have been if the election were direct. Yet the system has produced presidents who received the minority of the popular votes but the majority of electoral votes. NOTE: In the elections of Harry S. Truman, Woodrow Wilson, and Abraham Lincoln, there were more than two candidates and each of the elected presidents won more popular votes than any of their respective opponents. President Bill Clinton was also elected in 1992 with only 43% of the popular vote, but 370 electoral votes. His opponents, George H.W. Bush won 38% of the popular vote and 168 Electoral College votes, and Ross Perot won 19% of the popular votes and no electoral votes. This is another case where there were more than two candidates on the ballot. Today, there are usually multiple candidates for the presidency on the ballot.
In prior elections, four U.S. candidates for President won the popular vote, but lost the presidency:
1) Andrew Johnson won the popular vote, but lost the election to John Quincy Adams in 1824.
2) Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote, but lost the election to Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876.
3) Grover Cleveland won the popular vote, but lost the election to Benjamin Harrison in 1888.
4) Al Gore won the popular vote, but lost the election to George W. Bush in 2000.
1. Describe how the President is elected.
2. What is the total number of Electors? How is this number determined? What number of electors votes are needed to win an election?
3. What is the “Winner Take All” system?
4. How can you win the popular vote and lose the election?
END OF ASSIGNMENT
Comparing Executive Roles: Federal & State
Part I. Directions: Read the information on the chart below and complete the organizer that follows.
FEDERAL
|
STATE
|
President
· Serves a 4 year term in office
· Elected by the Electoral College
· Must be 35 years old and a natural born citizen of the U.S.
· Approves or vetoes bills passed by Congress
· Commands the armed forces
· Develops foreign policy
· Appoints ambassadors and federal judges
· Proposes laws and programs to Congress
· Prepares the federal budget
· Grants pardons and reprieves
· Administers federal programs and services through Cabinet departments
· Issues executive orders that have the effect of law
|
Governor
· Serves a 4 year term in office
· Elected directly by the people in the state
· Must be 30 years old and a resident for 5 years
· Approves or vetoes bills passed by General Assembly
· Controls state police force and militia/National Guard
· Develops state policy
· Appoints judges and state commission members
· Proposes laws and programs to the General Assembly
· Prepares the state budget
· Grants pardons and reprieves
· Administers work of executive departments
|
Vice President
· Same term and qualifications as President
· Presides over Senate
· Performs duties delegated by President
· Substitutes in absence of President and/or replaces President in event of inability to complete term of office
|
Lt. Governor
· Same term and qualifications as Governor
· Performs duties delegated by Governor
· Substitutes in absence of Governor and/or replaces Governor in event of inability to complete term of office
· Administers programs and services
|
Similarities between President and Governor
|
Differences between President and Governor
|
Similarities between Vice-President and Lt. Governor
|
Differences between Vice-President and Lt. Governor
|
Identifying Executive Roles: Federal & State
Directions: Review each statement and decide which elected official is described. Write the title of the office on the line provided – NOTE: the description may fit more than one official, record all that applies. Use the previous page – Roles of the Executive - to complete the activities below!
1. ___________________________ Creates budget for the country
2. ___________________________ Vetoes bills
3. ___________________________ Appoints new ambassadors
4. ___________________________ Develops foreign policy
5. ___________________________ Controls state police and militia
6. ___________________________ Serves a 4 year term and is directly elected
7. ___________________________ Enforces collection of taxes and revenues
8. ___________________________ Presides over Senate
9. ___________________________ Can call out the national guard to help state police
10. ___________________________ Grants pardons and reprieves
11. . Administers state programs and services
END OF ASSIGNMENT
2B Review sheet
Do executive orders have the same effect as law? Do they need Senate approval?
2. What is a bureaucracy?
3. What is Smart Growth?
4. What is an urban sprawl?
5. What is infrastructure?
6. What is the greatest power of the president?
7. What is the 22nd amendment?
8. What is the 25th amendment?
9. What is the role of the chief diplomat?
10. What is the role of the commander in chief?
11. What is the role of the chief legislature?
12. What is the State of the Union address?
13. What is the Oath of Office and when does it take place?
14. What is the Electoral College and what do they?
15. What is the “winner takes all system?”
16. Who heads the Department of Justice?
17. Who is in charge of advising the president on foreign policy?
18. How does Congress “check” the president?
19. Who is responsible for overseeing everything related to military service of the United States?
20. Lying under oath while in court is called:
21. Know the four steps to the white house AFTER the primary elections
22. Two roles of the Cabinet members.
23. Who controls the state police and National Guard, prepares the state budget, approves or rejects bills passed by the General Assembly and develops state policy?
END OF ASSIGNMENT
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